Cases of intrauterine growth restriction identified in Las Tunas province, 2020

Abstract

Background: intrauterine growth retardation has significant implications for neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: characterize the cases of intrauterine growth restriction identified in the Las Tunas province, in the period from January to December 2020.

Methods: an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Las Tunas from January 2020 to December 2020, which included 607 live newborns with a weight of less than 10 percentile for their gestational age and sex. The variables studied were: municipalities of origin, gestational age, sex, classification of intrauterine growth restriction, maternal age, twins, prematurity and birth weight.

Results: of the 5022 live births in the study period, 607 presented intrauterine growth restriction, for a prevalence of 12.1 per 100 live births. 35.4 % of children with intrauterine growth had low birth weight and 14.7 % were preterm. Of the 607 neonates with intrauterine growth, six died, for a lethality of 0.99% and a survival rate of 99.01 %.

Conclusions: in this study, Amancio, Menendez and Majibacoa municipalities showed the highest prevalence and high risk of intrauterine growth. Females prevailed, gestational age over 32 weeks and moderate intrauterine growth. Maternal age below 18 years and above 35 years influenced the appearance of intrauterine growth, while prematurity and weight below 3 percentile affected the mortality of these children.