Anaemic syndrome in children assisted in Manuel Fajardo Rivero polyclinic health area

Abstract

Background: anaemia syndrome is a global health problem with an increased incidence of iron-deficiency anemia. In Cuba, despite the efforts to prevent and control anemia, the incidence, prevalence and deaths from this disease are reported in several provinces of the country.

Objective: to describe the incidence of anaemia syndrome in children assisted in Manuel Fajardo Rivero polyclinic health area, in the municipality of Las Tunas, between June and November 2021.

Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in children confirmed with anaemic syndrome of the health area and period defined in the objective. The study population consisted of 28 children with hemoglobin below 110 g/L. Variables evaluated included: age, sex, hemoglobin values, serum iron numbers, peripheral lamina microscopy, associated risk factors, clinical manifestations and medical treatment.

Results: the 0-4 year age group (42.9 %) and males (60.7 %) were predominant. Hemoglobin values between 100 and 109 g/L were more frequent (64.3 %); serum iron figures between 7.1 and 8.0 μmol/L were more representative (71.4 %); higher frequency in the periphery, hypochromy and microcytosis, with other morphological findings that confirm the type of iron deficiency anemia (96.4 %). The most common associated risk factor was nutritional deficiency (82.1 %); decline was present in all cases.

Conclusions: the incidence of anaemic syndrome in children from Manuel Fajardo Rivero polyclinic health area was described.