Nutritional alterations in a sample of patients who receive hemodialysis
Keywords:
PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION, RENAL DIALYSIS, RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC.Abstract
Background: chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis it associated with an inadequate state of nutrition.
Objective: to characterize the nutritional state of patients with chronic kidney disease attended to at the hemodialysis unit of the “Manuel Ascunce Domenech” Hospital of the province of Camagüey, from September 2015 to September 2016.
Methods: a descriptive and transversal study was conducted on the nutritional state of patients with chronic kidney disease attended to at the hemodialysis unit of the aforementioned hospital and during the period herein declared. Out of a universe of 135 patients a sample of 60 was selected, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The nutritional assessment was based on anthropometric parameters: postdialysis body weight, size, brachial circumference, triceps skin fold, body mass index and arm muscle area; as well as on biochemical parameters such as hematocrit, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total proteins, serum iron and creatinine.
Results: in the sample there was a prevalence in the 50 to 60 age group (35 %) and of the male sex, with a higher incidence of malnutrition in patients older than 65 years (73,3 %). The slight and moderate forms prevailed in men and the severe form prevailed in women. 63,3 % of the patients presented some type of malnutrition. The biochemical markers showed a deterioration as the time of hemodialysis progressed. Of the diseases associated with malnutrition hepatitis C was the highest one (78,3 %), followed by infections (28,3 %).
Conclusions: caloric malnutrition prevailed. The degree of malnutrition revealed a positive correlation with age, hemodialysis time, frequency of the associated diseases and deterioration in the average values of the biochemical markers.
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