Update in the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Keywords:
GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE, ENDOSCOPY, GASTROINTESTINAL, DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS.Abstract
During the last years, multiple factors have conditioned the incidence of non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding, causing the interest of specialists in its study. As a result, there are many ways of diagnosis and modalities for its treatment. The objective of the bibliographic review was to report the main advances in the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The Infomed network services used were Ebsco, Medline, The Cochrane Librery, PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Clinicalkey and the Google search engine. Meta-analyzes and systematic reviews were prioritized. In the literature reviewed prevailed the melena as a symptom and panendoscopy as the fundamental test in the diagnosis and treatment. Therapy with proton pump inhibitors is the most effective at high doses and, as a therapeutic method, the modality of epinephrine injection, associated with a thermal or mechanical method. The consensus in relation to the approach of patients with non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding should be multidisciplinary, involving clinicians, gastroenterologists, intensivists and surgeons.
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