Clinical characteristics of suspected cases of COVID-19 admitted to the “Frank País García” Hospital, Havana
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS, PATIENTSAbstract
Background: the pandemic of COVID-19 has taken the lives of thousands of people worldwide. The clinical and epidemiological analysis of the patients with this disease is imperative, as the publication of national studies is scant.
Objective: to characterize the clinical and epidemiological variables of suspected cases of COVID-19 who were treated at the “Frank País García” Hospital of Havana, from March to May 2020.
Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the department of attention to suspected cases of COVID-19 of the aforementioned hospital and during the period herein declared. The study population was made up of 68 patients. The following variables were assessed: age, comorbidities, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, leukocytes and results of RT-PCR.
Results: there was a predominance of cases older than 40 years (86,76 %), with a greater incidence in the 41 to 60 age group with 36 patients (52,94 %), out of whom 9 were positive for SARS-CoV-2 (25 % of the infected persons). In proportion to the age groups, patients older than 60 years represented 30,43 % of the positive cases. Hypertension was the commonest comorbidity, in 25 patients (36,76 %) and out of them, 7 were positive. It was followed by diabetes mellitus with 24 patients (20,58 %), one was positive. The most frequent manifestations in the positive patients were: general malaise, fever, dry cough and dyspnea. In this group were the seven asymptomatic patients. Fever prevailed in the negative patients (50 %), followed by dyspnea (41,17 %). The average respiratory rate in positive patients was over the population mean; other affected variables were the oxygen saturation, leukocytes in blood, hematocrit and plasma sodium. Common flu was the commonest diagnosis at discharge of the RT-PCR-negative cases.
Conclusions: the patients included in the study were characterized. The comparison of the means of clinical variables between negative and positive cases showed statistical significance.
Downloads
References
Guanche-Garcell H. COVID-19. Un reto para los profesionales de la salud. Rev haban cienc méd [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 15 de mayo 2020]; 19(2): e_3284. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3284/2484.
Trilla A. Un mundo, una salud: la epidemia por el nuevo coronavirus COVID-19. Rev Med Clin Barc [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 15 de mayo 2020]; 154(5): 175–177. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002.
Cuba. Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Infecciones por coronavirus. Temas de salud. [en línea]. 2020 [citado 15 de junio 2020]. Disponible en: https://temas.sld.cu/coronavirus/2020/06/15/nota-informativa-sobre-la-covid-19-en-cuba-14-de-junio/.
España. Ministerio de Sanidad. Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias, (coord). Manejo clínico de pacientes con enfermedad por el nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) [en línea]. 2020 [citado 15 de mayo 2020]. Disponible en: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lis-LISBR1.1-47023.
World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance, [en línea]. 2020 [citado 15 de mayo 2020]. Disponible en: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330893.
Riverón-Cruzata LJ, Vergara-Silva M, Lluch-Pena AP, Alba-Cutino Y, Ortiz-Rodriguez AY. Pacientes sospechosos de COVID-19 con RT-PCR negativo atendidos en un centro de aislamiento en Las Tunas. Revista Electronica Dr. Zoilo E. Marinello Vidaurreta [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 45(4). Disponible en: http://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/zmv/article/view/2304.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. COVID-19 Comunicado Técnico Diario [Internet]. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud [en línea]. 2020 [citado 4 de junio 2020]. Disponible en: http://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/546230/CP_Salud_CTD_coronavirus_COVID- 19_10abr20.pdf.
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 4 de junio 2020]; 395(10223): 497-506. Disponible en: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620301835.
Escobar G, Matta J, Taype-Huamaní W, Ayala R, Amado J. Características Clínicoepidemiológicas de pacientes fallecidos por COVID-19 en un hospital nacional de Lima, Perú. Rev. Fac. Med. Hum [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 4 de junio 2020]; 20(2): 180–85. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v20i2.2940.
Goire-Guevara G. Repercusión en la salud cardiovascular del COVID-19. Rev Cuban Cardiol [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 26(2). Disponible en: http://www.revcardiologia.sld.cu/index.php/revcardiologia/article/view/972.
Prohias-Martínez JA. Consideraciones para los cardiólogos que están en primera línea en la atención al COVID-19. Rev Cuban Cardiol [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 26(2). Disponible en: http://www.revcardiologia.sld.cu/index.php/revcardiologia/article/view/996.
Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 323(13): 1239-1242. Disponible en: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2762130.
Centers for disease control and prevention. 2019 novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China. Information for health care professionals [en línea]. Atlanta: Centers for disease control and prevention; 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/index.html.
Pérez-Abreu MR, Gómez-Tejeda JJ, Diéguez-Guach RA. Características clínico-epidemiológicas de la COVID-19. Rev haban cienc méd [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 19(2): e_3254. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3254/2505.
Pan L, Mu M, Yang P, Sun Y, Wang R, Yan J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients With Digestive Symptoms in Hubei, China: A Descriptive, Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study. Am J Gastroenterol [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 4 de junio 2020]; 115. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7172492/#_ffn_sectitle.
Hernández-Rodríguez J. Aspectos clínicos relacionados con el Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo (SARS-CoV-2). Rev haban cienc méd [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 11 de junio 2020]; 19(Supl.): e3279. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/3279.
Lippi G, South AM, Henry BM. Electrolyte imbalances in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ann Clin Biochem [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 57(3): 262-265. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563220922255.
Post A, Dullaart RPF, Bakker SJL. Is low sodium intake a risk factor for severe and fatal COVID-19 infection? Eur J Intern Med [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 75: 109. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2020.04.003/.
Chu Y, Li T, Fang Q, Wang X. Clinical features of critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19. Journal of Infection [revista en internet]. 2020 [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 81(1): 147-78. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.023.
Sánchez-Duque J, Arce-Villalobos L, Rodríguez-Morales A. Enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en América Latina: papel de la atención primaria en la preparación y respuesta. Aten Primaria [revista en internet]. 2020. [citado 14 de junio 2020]; 52(6): 369-372. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.04.001.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal provides free and immediate access to its content under the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater exchange of global knowledge. This means that the authors transfer the copyright to the journal, so that copies and distribution of the contents can be made by any means, as long as the authors' acknowledgment is maintained. These terms are a reflection that the journal assumes copyright under Creative Commons licenses, specifically under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Registration and submission of articles to the journal is free. The processing, including review, editing and publication, is completely free of charge.