Relationship between risk factors for male infertility and spermogram alterations
Keywords:
RISK FACTORS, INFERTILITY, MALE, SEMEN ANALYSISAbstract
Background: multiple risk factors can increase male infertility.
Objective: to relate risk factors for male infertility with alterations in the spermogram, in infertile men treated at the Assisted Reproduction Center of the "Ana Betancourt de Mora" Provincial Gyneco-obstetric Teaching Hospital of Camagüey, during the year 2020.
Methods: an analytical study was carried out at the aforementioned institution and during the period herein declared. By simple random sampling, 150 infertile men were selected. The inferential method was used to relate each risk factor with alterations in the spermogram; The contingency coefficient C was used to measure the degree of association, with a reliability of 95 % and significant correlations when the values were greater than 0,7.
Results: oligospermia was the most frequent disorder (77,33 %), followed by asthenospermia (70,66 %) and teratospermia (52,66 %). 56 % of the men were between 40 and 59 years of age, 63,3 % with more than 40 years. Of the environmental risk factors, exposure to pesticides (20 %), heavy metals (17,33 %) and excess heat (14,66 %) were the ones with the highest incidence. Varicocele (48,66 %) and genitourinary tract infections (42 %) were the most frequent conditions. Pesticides and varicocele were the risk factors with a significant correlation mostly showed by the spermogram results.
Conclusions: there were risk factors with a significant association with alterations in the spermogram, which could have a negative influence on reproductive health.
Downloads
References
Lepage J, Epelboin S. Primera consulta de la pareja infértil y estudio de infertilidad. EMC-Tratado de Medicina [revista en internet]. 2019 Feb [citado 29 de abril 2021]; 23(1): 1-7. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1636541018416960.
World Health Organization. WHO Manual for the Standardized Investigation and Diagnosis of the Infertile Couple. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000.
Tamayo Hussein S, Cardona Maya WD. Evaluar el factor masculino mediante un espermograma durante la consulta de infertilidad. Rev Cuba Obstetr Ginecol [revista en internet]. 2017 Abr-Jun [citado 22 de abril 2021]; 43(2). Disponible en: http://www.revginecobstetricia.sld.cu/index.php/gin/article/view/213.
Calull-Bagó A, González-Ortega C, Cancino-Villarreal P, Zúñiga-Sánchez P, Ruvalcaba-Ortega L, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez AM. Alteración de los parámetros seminales y su asociación con la fragmentación del ADN espermático. Ginecol Obstet Mex [revista en internet]. 2017 Jul [citado 29 de abril 2021]; 85(7): 409-420. Disponible en: https://www.ginecologiayobstetricia.org.mx/revista/2017-85-7.
Fernández Borbón H, Valle Rivera T, Fernández Ramos I, Ramírez Pérez N. Caracterización de la infertilidad en el municipio Pinar del Río. Rev Ciencias Médicas [revista en internet]. 2013 Sep-Oct [citado 29 de abril 2021]; 17(5): 64-73. Disponible en: http://www.revcmpinar.sld.cu/index.php/publicaciones/article/view/921.
Sifontes R. Comportamiento de la cirugía urológica en un área de salud del municipio Camagüey. [Tesis]. Camagüey: Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech; 2013.
Chiron P, Durand X. Hematospermia. EMC-Urología [revista en internet]. 2018 Mar [citado 29 de abril 2021]; 50(1): 1-9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1761-3310(17)87905-6.
Arbaiza Barnechea MD. Evaluación de parámetros seminales de jóvenes universitarios de la ciudad de Lima – Perú. Urol Colomb [revista en internet]. 2018 [citado 10 de abril 2021]; 27(2): 174-180. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639540.
Munuce MJ, Cardona-Maya W, Berta CL. ¿Existe asociación entre la morfología normal del espermatozoide y su cinética de desplazamiento? Actas Urol Esp [revista en internet]. 2006 [citado 10 de abril 2021]; 30(6): 591-597. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0210-4806(06)73499-4.
Gálvez-del Toro A, Pinedo-López L, Arego-López M. Factores de riesgo de la pareja infértil en consulta provincial de Matanzas. 2010-2014 [Tesis]. Matanzas: Hospital Docente Gineco-Obstétrico Julio Rafael Alfonso Medina; 2014.
Colin-Valenzuela A, Gómez-López N, Ávila-Lombardo R, Barroso-Villa G. Impacto del envejecimiento masculino en la capacidad funcional del espermatozoide a través de la expresión de fosfatidil serina y oligonucleomas. Ginecol Obstet Mex. Ginecol Obstet Mex [revista en internet]. 2010 [citado 10 de abril 2021]; 78(12): 669-676. Disponible en: https://www.imbiomed.com.mx/articulo.php?id=66998.
Rodríguez Pendás BV. Fragmentación del ADN espermático e infertilidad masculina. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [revista en internet]. 2017 [citado 22 de abril 2021]; 28(3). Disponible en: http://www.revendocrinologia.sld.cu/index.php/endocrinologia/article/view/95.
Jamal F, Haque Q, Singh S, Rastogi S. The influence of organophosphate and carbamate on sperm chromatin and reproductive hormones among pesticide sprayers. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Ago [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 32(8):1527-1536. Disponible en: https://doi.10.1177/0748233714568175.
Ramos Padilla K, Armas Ampudia I, Ramos Padilla K, Caveda Rizo Y, Arma I. Varicocele e infertilidad con implantación de catgut. Rev Ciencias Médicas [revista en internet]. 2013 Sep-Oct [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 17(5): 171-178. Disponible en: http://www.revcmpinar.sld.cu/index.php/publicaciones/article/view/1301.
Pijoan-Malen M. Análisis de parámetros seminales en varones subfértiles sin y con varicocele (pre -postquirúrgico). Rev Méd Rosario [revista en internet]. 2017 [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 83: 104-110. Disponible en: http://www.circulomedicorosario.org/Upload/Directos/Revista/d710f9Pijoan.pdf.
Majzoub A, Esteves SC, Gosálvez J, Agarwal A. Specialized sperm function tests in varicocele and the future of andrology laboratory. Asian J Androl. [revista en internet]. 2016 Mar-Abr [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 18(2): 205-212. Disponible en: http://doi.10.4103/1008-682X.172642.
Ni K, Steger K, Yang H, Wang H, Hu K, Zhang T, et al. A comprehensive investigation of sperm DNA damage and oxidative stress injury in infertile patients with subclinical, normozoospermic, and astheno/oligozoospermic clinical varicocele. Andrology [revista en internet]. 2016 Sep [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 4: 816–824. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12210.
Baños Hernández I, de Armas Ampudia I, Ramos Padilla K, Castillo García I. Relación entre varicocele, disfunción sexual y niveles séricos de testosterona. Rev Ciencias Médicas [revista en internet]. 2018 May-Jun [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 22(3). Disponible en: http://www.revcmpinar.sld.cu/index.php/publicaciones/article/view/3388.
Rodríguez Pendás BV, Santana Pérez F, Domínguez Alonso E, Nurquez Guerra B, Reyes Rodríguez H. Leucocitos seminales y calidad espermática de hombres en estudio de infertilidad. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [revista en internet]. 2016 Sep [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 27(1): 18-28. Disponible en: http://www.revendocrinologia.sld.cu/index.php/endocrinologia/article/view/15.
Zeyad A, Hamad MF, Hammadeh ME. The effects of bacterial infection on human sperm nuclear protamine P1/P2 ratio and DNA integrity. Andrologia [revista en internet]. 2018 Mar [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 50: e12841. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12841.
Qing L, Song QX, Feng JL, Li HY, Liu G, Jiang HH, et al. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum infections using a novel isothermal simultaneous RNA amplification testing method in infertile males. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob [revista en internet]. 2017 [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 16(1): 45. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-017-0220-2.
Paparella C, Pavesi A, Provenzal O, Ombrella A, Bouvet B. Infertilidad masculina. Exposición laboral a factores ambientales y su efecto sobre la calidad seminal. Rev. Urug.Med. Interna [revista en internet]. 2017 Sep [citado 30 de abril 2021]; 2(2): 10-21. Disponible en: https://revistamedicinainterna.uy/index.php/smiu/article/view/60.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal provides free and immediate access to its content under the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater exchange of global knowledge. This means that the authors transfer the copyright to the journal, so that copies and distribution of the contents can be made by any means, as long as the authors' acknowledgment is maintained. These terms are a reflection that the journal assumes copyright under Creative Commons licenses, specifically under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Registration and submission of articles to the journal is free. The processing, including review, editing and publication, is completely free of charge.