Percutaneous and surgical tracheostomy results at the Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital Miguel Enriquez Intensive Care Unit
Keywords:
TRACHEOSTOMY, RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL, INTENSIVE CARE UNITSAbstract
Background: tracheostomy is one of the surgical techniques to treat or reduce airway obstruction. Percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy is more suitable than surgical tracheostomy.
Objective: to compare the results from patients undergoing surgical and percutaneous tracheostomy at the Intensive Care Unit of "Miguel Enríquez" Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital in Havana from January 2018 to September 2021.
Methods: an observational, descriptive and longitudinal study was carried out in the Intensive Care Unit and during the period of time declared in the objective. The study population was 122 patients. The variables assessed were: age, sex, diagnosis at the time of admission to the Intensive Care Unit, immediate complications, late complications and evolution.
Results: the greatest number of patients was in the group over 60 years of age (49.18 %) and males (65.57 %). Trauma was the most frequent cause of admission (24.59 %), and surgical tracheostomy elected in 70 % of them. The most frequent complications were: bleeding (23.21 %) and subcutaneous emphysema (19.64 %), always predominant in surgical tracheostomy cases. Intensive Care Unit stay after tracheostomy and mechanical ventilator disconnection had better results in percutaneous tracheostomy patients.
Conclusions: percutaneous tracheostomy evidenced significantly better results for a safe and viable procedure.
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