Analysis of the oral health situation of the area of a Family Doctor's Office

Abstract

Background: the analysis of the health situation is a multidisciplinary and inter-sectorial process by means of which health services, together with the community, carry out a description and an explanation of the socio-epidemiological profile of a definite area, the health - disease behavior and the interrelations with the environment and among them.

Objective: to describe the health situation analysis performed in the health area of the family doctor’s office16-01 of "Manuel Fajardo Rivero" teaching polyclinic in Las Tunas municipality from May to July, 2015.

Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The study population consisted of 667 people, from 228 families, distributed according to age group and sex, treated in the office and time period already defined. The clinical and epidemiological variables established for this type of analysis were registered. The information was obtained from the oral examination, oral health individual and family histories and interviews.

Results: 52,6 % were females and 35,7 % belonged to the group from 35 to 59 years old. Oral hygiene was poor in 35,1 % of the cases. 54,3 % classified as sick, more significant in the population from 35 to 59 years old. The CPO-D of the total population was 7,8 %, 48,6 % preserved all their teeth, 11,7 % needed dentures, 21,4 % were periodontally affected and only 7,7 % of the population from 0 to 19 years old presented malocclusion. Tooth decay was evident in 47,2 % of the cases.

Conclusions: the analysis of the health situation was carried out. Most of the population was ill; the main problems identified were the dental caries, periodontal diseases and masticatory dysfunction. Poor oral hygiene and cariogenic diet were the associated risk factors with the highest incidence.